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The Darial Gorge is a river gorge on the border between Russia and Georgia. It is at the east base of Mount Kazbek, south of present-day Vladikavkaz. The gorge was carved by the river Terek River, and is approximately long. The steep granite walls of the gorge can be as much as tall in some places. The Georgian Military Road runs through the gorge.
Josephus wrote that Alexander the Great built iron gates at an unspecified pass which some Latin and Greek authors identified with Darial.
Darial Pass fell into Sassanid hands in 252–253, when the Sassanid Empire conquered and annexed Iberia.Ehsan Yarshater. The Cambridge history of Iran, Volume 1. Cambridge University Press, 1983. , 9780521200929, p. 141 The control of the Darial Pass switched to the Western Turkic Kaganate in 628, when Tong Yabgu Kagan signed a treaty with Iberia, transferring over to the Kaganate the control of all its cities and fortresses, and establishing free trade.Movses Kagankatvatsi. History of Agvans (Russian trans. and ed. by Patkanov). St. Petersburg, 1861, pp. 121 Control of Darial Pass switched to the Arab Rashidun Caliphate in 644.Akram A.I. The Muslim Conquest of Persia, Ch:16 Afterwards, it was controlled by the Kingdom of Georgia. There was a battle point between the Ilkhanate and the Golden Horde, then indirectly controlled by Safavid dynasty and Qajar dynasty, until it was captured by Russian Empire after annexation of Kingdom of Georgia in 1801–1830. It remained a strategic Russian outpost under Russian control until the dismemberment of the Soviet Union.
As the main border crossing between Georgia and Russia, it has been the site of Russians fleeing conscription for the Russo-Ukrainian War.
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